TNF and infection: Using an in vitro co-culture model, the impact of Mφ infected with SARS-CoV-2 variants on γδ2 T cell activation in response to each variant of concern was highlighted, and infection with the γP.1 (Brazil) and β-B.1.351 (South Africa) variants resulted in the highest secretion of TNF-α by γδ2 T cells [414].