The inflammatory response to CDI can be initiated through luminal toxin expression, spores or surface proteins, triggering the release of neutrophil chemoattractants IL-8, CXCL1, CCL2, CXCL2, CXCL5, IL-6, TNFα and IFN-γ [139, 195, 233–238]. This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and clostridium difficile infection.