Anti-PD-1+CRT resulted in significant improvements in PFS (median, 18.6 vs. 11.8 months, HR 0.48 [95% CI, 0.29–0.80], P = 0.008), and OS (median, 27.7 vs. 17.4 months, HR 0.37 [95% CI, 0.22–0.63], P = 0.002), compared with CRT in ESCC. Here, PDCD1 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.