Recently, PD-1 inhibitors Camrelizumab, Sintilimab, Toripalimab, and Tislelizumab combined with chemotherapy have successively shown survival benefits and manageable toxicity in the first-line treatment of patients with advanced unresectable/metastatic ESCC in China (23–26). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.