VCAM1 and diabetic kidney disease: For diabetic nephropathy, VCAM-1, P-selectin and L-selectin were found to be significantly associated with microvascular complications (OR=0.996, 95%CI=0.995-0.998, p=<0.001, OR=0.995, 95%CI=0.989-1.0, p=0.050, and OR=1.0, 95%CI=1.00-1.002, p=0.008, respectively) (Table 3).