MAPK9 and cancer: In particular, the ability of anti-cancer drugs such as doxorubicin, topotecan, carboplatin, cisplatin, etoposide and paclitaxel to trigger stress-activated pathways, such as JNK/SAPK or PERK [24,25], has been correlated to the enhanced cytotoxicity of their combinations with anti-GD2 mAbs.