Groups studying osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis have established the key role of miRNAs in vitro: miR-140-5p promoted the proliferation and migration of osteoarthritis cells treated with SMSC-140-Exos, and miR-150-5p encapsulated in exosomes led to a downregulation of tube formation by HUVECs via the VEGF and MMP4 signaling pathways [136,137,138].The following diagrams summarize (Figure 5) the main active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) in EVs derived from MSCs as drug delivery systems, and their effects in preclinical studies in the oncological and non-oncological fields. This evidence concerns the gene ILF3 and osteoarthritis.