GZMB and neoplasm: In our study, we demonstrated that intranasal CpG-NP-Tag induced both CD8+ and CD4+ TRM in the lungs (Figure 7A,B), which were shown to be tumor antigen-specific as CD8+ TRM isolated from the lungs of CpG-NP-Tag-immunized mice produced granzyme B following ex vivo restimulation with 4T1 tumor cells from which Tag was derived (Figure 7C,D).