CSF2 and anemia (phenotype): The results of those studies together with the results of studies on canine babesiosis [27,28,30,79], and the study on ADCC in P. falciparum malaria [202], indicate that during both malaria and babesiosis, IL-15, CSF-2, and cytotoxicity mediated by NK cells and neutrophils contribute to the removal of the parasite, but probably not to the development of anemia.