In addition, hypoxia or periconceptional malnutrition modulate epigenetic processes such as DNA methylation in genes such as HIF in hypoxia and LEP, INSIGF, and GNASAs in periconceptional malnutrition, promoting metabolic or inflammatory processes that lead to obesity or diseases such as T2D [36]. The gene discussed is INS-IGF2; the disease is malnutrition.