BRAF and metastatic melanoma: Potent and specific inhibitors of MAPK pathway mediators have been discovered and include BRAF inhibitors, e.g., vemurafenib or encorafenib, and MEK inhibitors, e.g., trametinib (Figure 1), which are FDA- and EMA-approved drugs that have been used alone or in combination regimes against metastatic melanoma [7,8].