IL4 and autoimmune disease: While viral triggers such as EBV and HHV-6 are known potential risk factors for the development of autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes mellitus and autoimmune hypothyroidism [69,209] in the general population, increased lymphocyte counts along with late-phase hypergammaglobulinemia (in contrast to the early phase of DRESS: see above), low levels of interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-4 at DRESS onset and severe liver involvement might synergise with persistent reactivation of EBV and HHV-6 in enhancing post-DRESS autoimmunity [55,210].