Cytokines and chemokines significantly increased in NAFLD-related HCC are IL-8, IL-13, C-C motif chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3), CCL4 and CCL5, which are involved in fibrosis progression and hepatocarcinogenesis and, interestingly, are produced by an LPS-dependent mechanism [93,94,95,96]. This evidence concerns the gene CCL3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.