FPR1 and ulcer disease: With TNBS, the animals presented increased DAI, intestinal inflammation, weight loss, colon shortening, infiltration of inflammatory cells, OS, submucosal necrosis, distortion of the mucosal structure, and ulcers, along with increased MPO, IL-1β, TNF-α, MDA, Formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1), NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen) oxidase 1 (NOX1), and phosphorylated Nrf2, as well as reduced levels of Nrf2 activation and signaling, SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT.