Because of insulin resistance and impaired insulin signaling [68], patients with obesity and T2DM have low AKT activity and impaired phosphorylation of FOXO1and Crtc2 by AKT, leading to increased FOXO1 and Crtc2 protein levels that drive further gluconeogenic gene expressions (Figure 4). This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.