STAT3 and cancer: Gingerol is an active ingredient in ginger with anti-cancer properties, and it modulates various signal pathways in cancerous cells, i.e., nuclear factors (NF-KB), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), activator protein-1 (AP-1), wnt/β-catenin, growth factor receptors (EGFR, VEGFR), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), and pro-inflammatory mediators [89].