Therefore, increased serum FGF23 levels are commonly observed in patients with CKD and are reported to be associated with vascular calcification [15,16], renal anemia [17,18], all-cause mortality [19,20], CKD progression [21], hypophosphatemia-related bone disease [22,23] and decreased bone mineral density (BMD) [24,25]. Here, FGF23 is linked to chronic kidney disease.