TNF and neoplasm: An increase in antigen presentation following a higher ratio of immunologic cell death (ICD) within the tumor microenvironment can enhance antitumor immunity via the release of primary cytokines such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 followed by activation of dendritic cells (DCs), triggering CDLs to stimulate CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and further CTL (cytotoxic T lymphocyte) and natural killer (NK) cell proliferation [9,10].