Several studies have reported that NTFs, particularly glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin-4/5 (NT-4/5), act regeneratively in different animal models [19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55] and patients [56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73] with neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. This evidence concerns the gene BDNF and neurodegenerative disease.