EA patients were characterized by a higher expression of 19 genes involved in various cellular processes, such as plasma membrane organization (e.g., CPLX2), cell motility, activation and proliferation (e.g., ANK3, SUN5), cargo transporting (e.g., RAB4B), ciliogenesis (e.g., GSN), inflammation (e.g., GYS2), and reactive oxygen species generation (e.g., NDUFAF8, ENTR1, ATPIF), and were associated with bronchial hyperreactivity (e.g., RTN4RL1, CNN1) as well as extracellular matrix composition and airway remodeling (e.g., FMNL1, FBLN1, GSN). Here, RTN4RL1 is linked to Esophageal atresia.