In addition, testosterone was shown to increase intracellular Ca2+ influx and activate the TRPM8 channel in PC-3 prostate cancer cells, dorsal root ganglion and hippocampal neurons, and the human embryonic kidney cell line HEK293 with almost the same affinity and specificity as for the nAR [78]. This evidence concerns the gene CPSF4 and Familial prostate cancer.