BDH1 and diabetes mellitus: To determine the effects of maternal diabetes + HFD on levels of enzymes needed for ketone body metabolism, we examined the gene expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 (Hmgcs2) and β-hydroxy butyrate dehydrogenase (Bdh1) in neonatal myocardium (Figure 7A,B).