However, a retrospective study including 2276 patients treated with ICIs, CT, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors for an advanced-stage NSCLC later reported that somatic mutations in STK11 or KEAP1 were associated with shorter PFS and OS independently of the treatment. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and non-small cell lung carcinoma.