Recently, the potential role of lactoferrin in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer’s disease (AD), has also been investigated, and it has been shown that the administration of lactoferrin significantly improves cognitive functions and increases the serum levels of acetylcholine, serotonin, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory markers [61]. The gene discussed is LTF; the disease is early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.