IDPs associated with common neurodegenerative diseases include amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), α-synuclein (α-syn) for Parkinson’s disease (PD), and TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP-43) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (Figure 1). This evidence concerns the gene TARDBP and neurodegenerative disease.