INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Circadian dysregulation, both genetic and environmental, is closely associated with metabolic syndrome and T2DM, involving the uncoupling of OXPHOS, ATP production, and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion [34], mediated—in part—via the suppression of the circadian gene, Bmal1, and the endogenous antioxidant inducing transcription factor, Nrf2 [34].