As NF-κB is associated with the induction of the melatonergic pathway in several cells so far investigated [51,54], it is of note that the most commonly used preclinical T1DM model, the streptozotocin-induced T1DM model, suppresses local melatonin production and melatonergic pathway activity, as shown in the retina [55]. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.