COL3A1 and heart failure: Compared with non-heart failure, the expression of MMP-2, Col1a1, Col3a1, β-Catenin and PTGS2 was significantly higher (p < 0.05), and the expression of SERCA2 was significantly lower (p < 0.001), while the expression of MMP-9, E-Cadherin, N-Cadherin, CnA and RyR was unchanged in idiopathic heart failure (Figure 7F).