TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: For instance, exosomal superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), exosomal dipeptide-repeat proteins (DPRs), exosomal TAR DNA-binding protein (TARDBP), and fused in sarcoma (FUS) have all been found to affect the spread of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis [98,99,100,101,102].