WFS1 and diabetes mellitus: Other WFS1-associated disorders are isolated forms or combinations of the previously mentioned symptoms, such as autosomal dominantly or recessively inherited non-syndromic diabetes mellitus [16,17], autosomal recessively inherited syndromic (with diabetes and SNHL) or non-syndromic cataract [18,19], and autosomal recessively inherited optic neuropathy and SNHL [20].