In addition, in an ovariectomized ApoE -/- mice model, it was demonstrated that ESRα inhibited the synthesis and secretion of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and subsequently lowered the accumulation of cholesterol and triglyceride to prevent post-menopausal atherosclerosis [106]. The gene discussed is APOE; the disease is atherosclerosis.