EPCAM and breast cancer: As of now, alternating current electrohydrodynamic microfluidic devices functionalized with anti-HER2 or anti-CD9 capture antibodies to separate EVs from cell culture medium and patient serum towards HER2, dual-patterned immunofiltration microfluidic chips with fluorescent dye conjugated anti-EpCAM to discriminate EpCAM, microfluidic devices on EVs collected anti-CD63 immunomagnetic beads for EpCAM and HER2 in breast cancer patient plasma, etc. were reported [71].