INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Alternatively, a causal association of periodontitis with glycemic traits (fasting glucose and insulin, HbA1c) and type 2 diabetes was assessed by mendelian randomization and no genetically instrumented liability to periodontal disease was observed to glycemic traits or diabetes, thus Shah et al. conclude that a causal association of liability to periodontitis with glycemic traits or T2DM is not suported [118].