Due to the different etiologies of HCC in the East and the West and viral etiology being associated with elevated AFP levels in HCC patients [5], we aimed to evaluate whether there is a downtrend in the percentages of HCC cases with elevated AFP levels at the time of diagnosis and the factors associated with elevated AFP levels in HCC patients in a country from East Asia, where the leading etiology of HCC is HBV. This evidence concerns the gene AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma.