When analyzing PBMC samples from NSCLC patients (C0) and healthy donors, NSCLC patients had up-regulated PD-L1 expression in platelets isolated from PBMCs, as shown on histograms compared with other circulating immune cells, and PD-L1 was not up-regulated in the platelets and immune cells in the PBMCs of healthy donors (Figure 6a). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.