Multiple studies using genetically engineered mouse models of cancer have suggested support for the cancer-promoting roles of autophagy, despite the fact that induction of tumor initiation by autophagy depletion and genetic deletion of ATG5 and ATG7 in mice ultimately decreases malignant tumor progression in tissue-specific tumor models that are spontaneously derived from known oncogenes [91,92,93]. The gene discussed is ATG5; the disease is cancer.