VEGFA and myelodysplastic syndrome: Increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have been found in the serum of MDS patients, which will have a series of effects in the TME [40,41]; increased VEGF will contribute to the inhibition of DC maturation [42,43] and induction of T regulatory cell (Treg) activation, [42,43], which is associated with an unfavorable disease prognosis in MDS [8,44,45,46,47,48].