There have also been reports of upregulated ERK1/2 and JNK signaling in induced cataract in rats [211], and a case report of mature cataract in a patient with Noonan syndrome, a genetic gain-of-function RASopathy where, not surprisingly, ERK and p38 were found upregulated in the lens [212]. The gene discussed is MAPK1; the disease is Noonan syndrome.