CHIT1 and frontotemporal dementia: Among different inflammatory markers, chitinases, including chitotriosidase (CHIT1), chitinase-3-like-1 (CHI3L1), and chitinase-3-like-2 (CHI3L2), have been found to be significantly elevated in CSF of ALS patients compared to other neurodegenerative diseases and CHIT1-positive immunostaining was found in ALS spinal cord tissue, but not in the cortical tissue of ALS, FTD, or AD [109,110,111].