The mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6), chemokines (CCL-2/MCP-1, CCL-7/MCP-3), cyclooxygenase-2, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 from RA FLS were suppressed by the gallic acid treatment in a dose-dependent manner [29,43,47,68,179]. The gene discussed is CCL2; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.