Despite their high-potent inhibition against the enzymatic activity of AURKA, AURKA inhibitors typically have severe on-target as well as off-target toxicities, such as bone marrow and epithelial cells, leading to severe adverse effects such as neutropenia, mucositis, and somnolence, severely limiting the therapeutic window of the AURKA [17,18,19,20] inhibitors. The gene discussed is AURKA; the disease is mucositis.