Despite some studies evaluating the role of innovative neuroprotective therapy (i.e., stem cells, erythropoietin (EPO), vitamin E, and melatonin), the early diagnosis of IVH/PVL is still the gold-standard to reduce a long-term neurological consequence, such as cerebral palsy (CP) [21,22,23]. The gene discussed is EPO; the disease is cerebral palsy.