In humans, a 3-h cycling exercise at 75% of maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) significantly lowered TNFα levels upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation [127], and 12 weeks of either light or vigorous resistance exercise (respectively 40% and 80% of one repetition maximum) exercise led to a significant reduction in TNFα levels in older subjects affected by obesity [63]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.