The regulation of vascular constriction pathways showed an increase in the number of genes associated with increased vasoconstriction: 5-hydroxytrypamine receptor 2A (HTR2A), adrenoreceptor alpha 1B and 1D (ADRA1B and 1D), oxytocin receptor (OXTR), prostaglandin–endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2, also called cyclooxygenase-2), gap junction alpha 5 (GJA5), leptin (LEP), apelin (APLN), and endothelin 1 (EDN1), which has a specific role in pulmonary hypertension. Here, APLN is linked to pulmonary arterial hypertension.