The comparison of EV populations in the lungs of smokers with NSCLC and control smokers and non-smokers showed that EGFR, KRAS, ALK, MET, LKB1, PIK3CA, and ROS1, proteins encoded by genes that are often associated with NSCLC, were overexpressed in lung exosome from smokers and NSCLC patients [54]. The gene discussed is ALK; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.