Alternatively, one of the studies using murine mechanistic models showed that PD-L1 induction in the melanoma tumor microenvironment is mediated by CD8+ T cells and IFN-γ, highlighting that, in some cases, upregulation of PD-L1 is independent of regulation by oncogenes, rather related to CD8+ T cells [24]. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is melanoma.