GJA3 and cancer: The disbalance in the abundance of connexins which are characteristic of the tissue, or stable expression of connexins which are only needed for precise functional states of the tissue (e.g., Cx32 in mammary epithelium [154]), or even the de novo expression of connexins which are not normally detected in that type of tissue (e.g., Cx46 in mammary epithelium [156]) can act as a cancer-initiation factor (Figure 3B).