The results showed that p-NF-kB p65 (p-p65), p-p38 MAPK (p-p38) (Supplementary Fig. 4A) and cleaved caspase11 (Supplementary Fig. 4B) were significantly upregulated in AP mice compared with their controls, but knockout of Mlkl or Ripk3 did not reduce the activation of these pathways, suggesting that LPS did not cause a difference in the severity of AP in mice through the above pathways in the present study. This evidence concerns the gene MLKL and alkaline phosphatase measurement.