CD274 and cancer: There is a significant increase in the demand for an immunomodulatory approach which targets the programmed death-ligand 1 (PDL1) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PDL1) interaction [17].The current study aimed to assess the prognostic value of the PDL1(targeted therapy) and CA19-9 markers in cancer/inflammatory lesions of the gallbladder with a possible primary objective of using such molecular receptor inhibitors as an adjunct treatment option.