We found overexpressing PIWIL1 (Figure 9), like RASSF1C, promotes lung cancer cell migration/invasion and that PIWIL1 overexpression resulted in increased expression of P4HA2, PLOD2, and collagen I protein levels (Figure 5 and Figure 6) suggesting that PIWIL1 could play a role TME remodeling. Here, PLOD2 is linked to lung cancer.