MTOR and Alzheimer disease: Significantly, PIP3, whose levels we show to be increased in the AD group, is the major activator of Akt protein kinases, which are known to be hyper-activated in AD neurons (Griffin et al., 2005; Moloney et al., 2010) and which are a primary regulator of EAL dynamics via the mTOR signalling axis (Boland et al., 2018).