For instance, another cancer-associated DUB, USP15, deubiquitylates transforming growth factor-β type I receptor (TGFβRI) and thus augments Smad-mediated signaling during cancer cell metastasis (Eichhorn et al., 2012), while also attenuating insulin-like growth factor signaling (Fukushima et al., 2017). The gene discussed is USP15; the disease is cancer.